The risks that are linked with smoking are common and well known. However, despite this knowledge, many women who are smokers continue smoking even during pregnancy. Nicotine can cross the placenta and, therefore, smoking hurts the fetus in a number of ways. Babies born to women that smoked while pregnant are at higher risk of having low birth weight and a small circumference of the head with an increased likeliness of experiencing sudden infant death syndrome. Recent studies have indicated that prenatal nicotine exposure permanently affects the fetal brain. Due to this effect on the brain prenatal nicotine exposure negatively affects the development and behavior of the child with several studies highlighting the link between smoking while pregnant and negative behaviors among children. This research will, therefore, focus on the behavioral effects of maternal smoking while pregnant among children aged between 1-3 years
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